by webmaster | Jun 19, 2026 | Uncategorized
1. Introduction 1.1. In business, property, family arrangements and commercial transactions, many people still rely on the phrase: “We shook hands on it.” Unfortunately, a handshake can become an expensive lesson. 1.2. Verbal agreements often arise between...
by webmaster | Jun 17, 2026 | Uncategorized
1. Introduction When a director becomes disruptive, ineffective or no longer acts in the best interests of the company, shareholders and fellow directors may begin considering their removal. The Companies Act prescribes specific procedures that must be followed in...
by webmaster | Jun 15, 2026 | Uncategorized
1. Contractual provisions often favour creditors by allowing them to issue a certificate of balance as proof of debt, frequently stipulating that such a certificate is sufficient proof in court proceedings of what is owed to the creditor. 2. In the matter of FirstRand...
by webmaster | Jun 15, 2026 | Uncategorized
1. It is settled law that municipalities in South Africa are constitutionally and legally obliged to provide services to residents in exchange for reasonable fees and to ensure fair and accountable governance. 2. Consumers are not obligated to pay for municipal...
